Saturday, February 6, 2021

Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki and Council of Economic Advisers Member Jared Bernstein, February 5, 2021

 

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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
February 5, 2021
 
Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki and Council of Economic Advisers Member Jared Bernstein, February 5, 2021

James S. Brady Press Briefing Room
**Please see below for a correction, marked with an asterisk.

12:50 P.M. EST
 
     MS. PSAKI:  Good afternoon.  We have another special visitor and guest with us here today.  The January jobs report, which we all saw came out this morning, is disappointing and underscores the need to act swiftly to deliver immediate relief to American families.  The bottom line is our economy is digging out of a hole worse than the depths of the Great Recession at a crawling -- and moving at a crawling pace. 
 
Today we're joined by a member of the Council of Economic Advisers, Jared Bernstein, who will walk through the numbers reported today by the Department of Labor and how they serve to underline the urgency for the President's Rescue Plan. 
 
Go ahead, Jared.
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  Thanks so much to Jen and the team for helping me be here today.  This morning's employment report revealed a stall in the American job creation machine and underscores how precarious a situation our economy is in.
 
The lack of job growth is a result of our failure to act appropriately in response to this immense dual crisis, and our economy and our families can’t afford for us to fail to act once again.  Strong relief is urgently and quickly needed to control the virus, get vaccine shots in arms, and finally launch a robust, equitable, and racially inclusive recovery. 
 
Getting to the numbers of the report, the economy added 49,000 jobs in January, after losing 227,000 jobs in December.  The three-month trend -- I find it useful to smooth out these monthly numbers over a few months -- in the three-month trend, is a weak 29,000 jobs per month.
 
Downward revisions to the data in November and December totaled 160,000, so those are negative revisions to those months’ earlier gain -- earlier reports.  And the economy, as I mentioned, has averaged 29,000 jobs over the past three months.
 
Now, if you compare that to the trend over the prior three months, that trend was closer to 1 million, so you see a really very significant downshift in the pace of job creation.
 
This pace is far below the rate necessary to pull us out of the pandemic jobs deficit.  There are about 10 million fewer jobs now, relative to February.  The unemployment rate fell to 6.3 percent, which still remains almost 3 points above the rate in February 2020 of 3.5 percent, before the pandemic.
 
Over the same period, more than 4 million workers have dropped out of the labor force.  If you drop out of the labor force, you're not counted in the unemployment rate.  And those dropouts have been disproportionately women. 
 
It's clear that there's a need for urgent and sustained action for the duration of this crisis.  In January, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics today, just under 15 million people reported they were, quote, “unable to work because their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic.”  This number has been about the same since October after falling in the wake of the implementation of the CARES Act from May to September.
 
Long-term unemployment has risen -- this is a great concern of the administration -- reflecting the duration of the economic crisis and the fact that the virus was unconstrained during most of last year.  Almost 40 percent of the unemployed in January had been so for half a year -- 27 weeks or more.  This 40 percent -- that's an elevated rate, and it represents a shift from temporary layoffs to permanent unemployment.
 
Workers of color have been more likely to lose their jobs than white workers.  In January, the unemployment rate for black workers was 9.2 percent and was 8.6 percent for Hispanic workers, compared to 5.7 percent for whites and 6.6 for Asian workers.
 
While the unemployment rate for men and women is relatively similar, women have left the labor force in numbers that are of great concern to us.  The employment rate among what we call “prime-age workers” -- women 25 to 54 -- is down 4 percentage points, 2.6 million women since February.
 
This larger decrease for women is unusual in recessions and likely reflects both the industries that this pandemic has hit -- tourism services, face-to-face industries, leisure and hospitality, restaurants -- and increased care responsibilities that have been pulling women out of the labor force.
 
Certain industries have been especially hard hit.  As I mentioned, the unemployment rate for leisure and hospitality workers is around 16 percent.  The elevation in long-term unemployment is especially salient since benefits for these workers will expire soon without further congressional action.
 
Today's report is yet another reminder that our economy is still climbing out of a hole deeper than that of the Great Recession and needs additional relief to ensure that the pandemic can be brought under control, that families and businesses can stay solvent and make it the other side of this crisis, and that workers can feed their families and keep a roof over their head. 
 
With that --
 
MS. PSAKI:  All right.  I’m going to be the moderator.
 
Trevor.
 
Q    Thanks for that summary.  So, a couple questions related to this.  First, as far as the $1,400 checks, Jared, do you think that -- I mean, is there any economic argument for why those shouldn’t go to a broader group of people?  Is there any argument for raising the threshold that you would need to qualify for that?  And then I have a follow-up as well.
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  I think the key argument there is that there are families throughout not just the lower part of the income scale, but in the middle part of the income scale, that have been suffering and trying -- doing everything they can to get through this crisis. 
 
The President has been very clear on an important point here, which is that if you look at teachers; if you look at folks who are in blue-collar professions; if you look at retail workers, healthcare workers -- if those folks are unemployed, they can get unemployment coverage and that helps them.  But many of those folks have kept their jobs, many of them are essential workers, yet they've lost hours.  They've lost wages.  They're struggling to make ends meet.  They face nutritional constraints.  Often, they face foreclosure or eviction moratorium -- which, by the way, forbearance, when it comes to mortgage, does not mean forgiveness.  So, many of these families are accumulating significant debt that will come due. 
 
Now, in terms of the parameters -- you’ve asked about this -- let's do just a little bit of wonky policy analysis, if that's okay. 
 
There are three parameters in play here when we're talking about the checks.  There's the thresholds, where they come in.  There's the level; the President has been firm on $1,400 as a level -- which, you know, plus the $600 gets you to $2,000.  And then there's the phase-out.  And it's the phase-out range that is a -- that I would say is a variable under discussion in negotiations that are ongoing.  There hasn't been a conclusion, but as the President has said, he is open to that discussion. 
 
Q    But just as far as what is the economic argument for changing that -- those phase-out numbers -- I mean, why shouldn't you just go with what you originally proposed?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  I think the argument is one that we've heard consistently from some critics which say that those at the very top of the scale, when you get into the realm of -- you know, $300,000, I think, has been mentioned -- that, you know, I think it's arguable that those folks don't need the checks. 
 
I think what's important to the President is that we don't lose sight of people in the middle of the income scale who continue to struggle with both the health and economic fallout from this crisis.  And these checks target them effectively and efficiently. 
 
By the way, this is an important thing that comes from some work by the group ITEP -- Institute for Taxation and Economic Policy.  If you look at the distribution -- who gets the checks -- it actually -- virtually none of it goes to the very top of the scale, and the vast majority goes to the middle and the bottom.  Their percentage gains in income from the checks are, you know, double digits compared to those at the top of the scale. 
 
So, I think to -- I think that we have to understand that targeting, in this case, means reaching families at the low end, at the middle end -- families who have been hit and are struggling with this crisis. 
 
Q    Okay.  Super quick follow-up.  Can I just do one more?  Do you think that, just beyond this bill, that there needs to be more reform around automatic stabilizers, unemployment insurance?  Like, do you need to do more so that the next time we hit something like this, we have a solution?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  You know, the President has on occasion talked about this point and said that if our automatic stabler [sic] -- or if our automatic stabilizers are key to economic indicators or health indicators, that is a potentially useful policy advance.  I know that Treasury Secretary Yellen has talked about that as well.
 
Right now, you know, we're kind of past the stage of thinking about -- right now, we're really at a point where we have a package that is calibrated to meet the urgency of the moment, and that's the American Rescue Plan.  So that's what we want to focus on.  There are all kinds of interesting policy discussions we could and should have, and I think that's one of them.  But for now, what we need to do is get this package out there and meet the urgency of the moment.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Kristen. 
 
Q    Thank you.  Thanks for being here.  I want to ask you about some of the criticism by one of your former colleagues, Larry Summers -- of course, former top economic adviser to former President Obama, and former Treasury Secretary.  He has acknowledged the bailout in 2009, by his own admission, he says, "didn’t go far enough."  But he says that this $1.9 trillion proposal is so big that it risks progressive priorities in the future and could potentially undermine the economy next year.  Is the Biden administration going too big?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  No.  I firmly would disagree with that contention.  By the way, I wouldn't call the other thing a "bailout."  That was the Recovery Act, and I think that also was an effective measure.  But I think that the idea now is that we have to hit back hard, we have to hit back strong if we're going to finally put this dual crisis of the pandemic and the economic -- the economic pain that it is engendered behind us.
 
With respect to Larry's point, I mean, one thing is just wrong, which is that that our team is dismissive of inflationary risks.  We've constantly argued that the risks of doing too little are far greater than the risk of going big, providing families and businesses with the relief they need to finally put this virus behind us.
 
Second, I want to quote Fed Chair Jerome Powell, who strongly reiterated this view the other day -- I think it was just a week or so ago -- that inflationary risks are also asymmetric right now.  
 
When asked about this precise trade-off that you're asking me about, he said, and I'm quoting, "I'm much more worried about falling short of a complete recovery and losing people's careers and lives that they built because they don't get back to work in time.  I'm more concerned about…the damage that will do not just to their lives, but to the United States economy, to the productive capacity of the economy.  I'm more concerned about that than about the possibility which exists of higher inflation."
 
So, this is risk management.  This is balancing risks.  And in our view, the risks of doing too little are far greater than the risks of doing too much.
 
Q    And just to -- one more question.  The Senate moved forward with a measure that did not include an increase in the minimum wage.  Has President Biden come to a determination that that's not going to be a part of the final package in order to get this passed, in order to get the Democratic support that he needs?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  The President has consistently argued that a minimum wage of $15 an hour is essential to make sure that people, many of whom -- millions of whom are essential workers, are not toiling at a minimum wage of $7.25 per hour, which is the federal minimum wage. 
 
This -- this idea that somehow -- and I've heard this in many questions -- this idea that the minimum wage is somehow orthogonal to this package makes no sense to me, because it is a efficient and effective way to raise the pay of people who are in the bottom end of this workforce -- essential workers in retail trade, in healthcare, in sanitation -- people who are keeping this economy going but consistently undercompensated for it.
 
Q    But will it be a part of the final package?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  I'm not going to negotiate that from the podium, as they say.  (Laughter.) 
 
Um, wait.  I have --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Very good.  (Laughs.)
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  I have one other point I want to make, though, getting back to the argument with Larry.  This is -- this is key, from my perspective as an economist, who throughout my career has been motivated and concerned -- I think the theme of my work has always been making sure that this economy, that our economy, the American economy provides ample opportunities for people from all walks of life, from all parts of the income scale, men and women, persons of color, communities of color have the opportunities they need to realize their potential. 
 
And right now, there is deep unused capacity in this economy, which is targeted by the American Rescue Plan.  There are 10 million unemployed people.  There are two and a half fewer women in the labor force than last year.  As I mentioned, black and Hispanic unemployment rates are 9 percent.  We've got a job market in stall. 
 
The risk is a deflationary risk, which motivates us to go home -- or to go big or to go home.  And the costs of inaction, of not addressing these risks, are too steep and too costly to these vulnerable -- to these vulnerable groups, relative to the likelihood of overheating.  That's the way I think about it.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Kristin.
 
Q    Thank you.  Just one more follow-up from the other Kristen.  Is the White House's economic team -- is there anyone on the team that is concerned that the $1.9 trillion is too big, is too much?  Or is everybody in agreement?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  The White House economic team is in complete consensus on the urgency of the need for this American Rescue Plan, and in complete solidarity on the calibration of this plan, that it's of the magnitude to meet the challenges we face. 
 
Again, with respect to Larry and his piece, it's just flat-out wrong that our team is, quote, "dismissive" of inflationary risks.  Any -- Janet Yellen is our Treasury Secretary, okay?  She knows a little something about inflationary risks and has tracked that kind of -- you know, has tracked that economic issue forever. 
 
I just quoted from you, from Jerome Powell, whose job is to manage that risk against the risk of slack in the job market; against the risk of persistent unemployment; against the risk of people getting stuck in joblessness so they can't get back out and get back into the job market; against the risk of scarring in the economy -- meaning not doing enough about current damages so that they become permanent damages, and people can't get back into the labor market.  And businesses that should and would be viable on the other side of this crisis fail because we haven't taken the steps to get them through to the other side of the crisis. 
 
So the team has all of our oars in the water pulling in exactly the same direction on that.
 
MS. PSAKI:  (Inaudible), go ahead -- be the last question.
 
Q    One other question on Larry Summers's criticism, not to belabor this point, but he also raises some questions about your future agenda.  He notes that you will have committed 15 percent of GDP with this though, with basically no increase in public investments.  Is this a concern going forward?  Where will you find the money to “build back better,” as the President has promised?
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  You know, I think the way President Biden talks about this is -- is not just resonant, but is also -- follows an economic logic that I think is very strong: rescue, recovery. 
 
The Rescue Plan -- the American Rescue Plan gets this economy, and the families and the businesses in it, to the other side of this crisis by finally controlling the virus, producing and distributing the vaccine, and giving people the relief they need to get to the other side. 
 
But simply getting back to where we were is a bar that's far too low for the Biden-Harris administration, and that's where Building Back Better and the Recovery Plan comes in.  These are structural changes -- by the way, many of which, as the President have said, permanent program should be paid for. 
 
So these are structural programs that -- not in a cyclical sense, dealing with them getting to the other side of the crisis, but deal with the structural challenges we face in climate, in education, in care, in poverty, in racial discrimination.  And I am -- and infrastructure. 
 
I am wholly confident in this President and this administration's ability to go forth and make a strong case for rescue now, get folks -- get the economy to the other side of the crisis, pursue the recovery -- the Building Back Better agenda.  As I say, I'm confident about that.
 
One point, and then I'll stop.  Infrastructure.  I get asked about this a lot, and the implication, kind of, of the question is that, "Well, infrastructure is a Democrat thing, and you'll have a hard time with that." 
 
Let me tell you a little anecdote.  I was testifying, sometime a year or two ago, in the House.  And when I finished my testimony, a couple of Republicans -- and I won't name them because this was a private moment -- pulled me aside and said, "Hey, Democrat, come here."  And they said, "We want to do infrastructure, but we can't do it because our boss, President Trump, doesn't have a plan."  The plan was really an asterisk. 
 
There are -- I guarantee you there are politicians on both sides of the aisle who are chomping at the bit to make investments in public goods in this country -- to do an infrastructure bill that repairs, not just maintenance, but gets into clean energy, into broadband, into the kinds of investments that you've heard the President talk about. 
 
So I am confident that we work on rescue now, we'll get to recovery next.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Thank you.  Thank you, Jared, so much.
 
MR. BERNSTEIN:  Thank you.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, people often ask me what my favorite part of this job is -- it’s I get to call up Jared Bernstein or Jake Sullivan and talk to them about questions, and bring them in here as often as we can.  And that's how it should work.
 
I have a couple of items at the top just to go over and update you all on.
 
First -- sorry, let's see:
 
     At 3:00 p.m. this afternoon, Vice President Harris and Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen will hold a virtual roundtable with participants from local black chambers of commerce from across the country to discuss the importance of passing the American Rescue Plan.  Local chamber representatives will share on-the-ground experiences during this crisis, ask the Vice President and Secretary questions, and discuss how small businesses in their community are faring right now and what they need.
 
A brief note on the tragic deaths of two FBI Special Agents earlier this week: Acting Attorney General Monty Wilkinson will lead the delegation to both Special Agent Laura Schwartzenberger’s memorial service on Saturday and Special Agent Daniel Alfin’s memorial service on Sunday.
 
At the request of the President, Homeland Security Advisor Dr. Liz Sherwood-Randall will accompany the Acting Attorney General to Sunrise, Florida, this weekend to attend both services.
 
Last item: Tomorrow, the White House -- sorry, and I have a week ahead.  Tomorrow, the White House will launch a new effort for the President to regularly communicate directly with the American people.  This was a question one of your colleagues asked earlier this week.  There is a time-honored tradition in the country of hearing from the President in this way -- from FDR’s fireside chats to Ronald Reagan establishing the weekly presidential radio address.  President Biden will continue that tradition, and we expect it to take on a variety of forms.
 
The inaugural edition will be a conversation between the President and Michelle, who lives in Roseville, California, and lost her job at a startup clothing company because of the pandemic.  Look for that tomorrow on the White House digital channels.
 
Finally, next week, the President will be focused on engaging with bipartisan groups on the American Rescue Plan and other key priorities, including current vaccine distribution and national security.
 
On Monday, he will virtually tour a vaccination center.
 
On Wednesday, he will visit the Pentagon to meet with the Secretary of Defense.
 
And on Thursday, President Biden will visit the National Institutes of Health.
 
So, with that, Zeke.
 
Q    Hey, Jen.  A couple of quick questions for you.  Why is the President going to Delaware this weekend?
 
MS. PSAKI:  He is from Delaware and has a home there and is going to spend the weekend with his wife and family there.
 
Q    But the guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- as you know, in the White House briefing just a couple hours ago -- was a big X over airplanes; people should avoid travel.  Is there an exception to that policy?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, the key, Zeke, is ensuring that people don't take steps to make others vulnerable in our effort to get the pandemic under control.  As you know, any President of the United States, Democrat or Republican, obviously takes Air Force One, a private plane, when they travel.  Delaware is his home, and so he looks forward to spending the weekend there and some time with his family.
 
Q    Changing gears a little bit -- we know the President has been vaccinated.  Has he been receiving regular tests for the coronavirus while he’s been here at the White House?  We haven’t seen, since the transition, sort of, an update on his testing.
 
MS. PSAKI:  I’m happy to get back to you on that and provide you an update.  He has, as you know, received his second vaccination, which was done in public.
 
Q    And then a follow-up question from a couple weeks ago -- you were asked about the President’s policies towards federal executions.  Does the President plan to put in place a blanket federal moratorium again?
 
MS. PSAKI:  The President has spoken about his opposition to the death penalty in the past, but I don't have anything to predict for you or preview for you in terms of additional steps.
 
Q    And, finally, just one last one.  Sorry.  On this news that the President just gave --
 
MS. PSAKI:  It’s okay, it’s Friday.  We got to get it all out.
 
Q    Clean it up.  There was a very different tone from the President.  So when did the President recognize that Republican -- that continuing to negotiate with Republicans wasn't going to lead him anywhere and they, sort of, had to embrace his proposal and get on board the train before leaving the station?  It seems that the time for negotiation is over, it’s -- now that the President is trying to get this thing passed.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I wouldn't say that's an accurate characterization of his view or the view of any of us.  Just to note, even as the package is moving through a reconciliation process, there is a great deal of time.  The process enables for time for negotiations through committee work, which will happen next week.  And also, the majority of reconciliation bills in the past have been bipartisan.
 
And so we certainly are hopeful that there will be opportunities for amendments from Republicans, amendments from others across the board to be a part of this process moving forward.
 
Go ahead, Kristen.
 
Q    Thanks, Jen.  If I could actually just follow up with you and just read some of what President Biden said today.  He said, “If I have to choose between getting help right now to Americans who are hurting so badly and getting bogged down in a lengthy negotiation or compromising on a bill that's not up to the crisis, that's an easy choice: I'm going to help the American people who are hurting now.”
 
So has he resigned himself to the fact that he’s going to have to use reconciliation and move forward without 60 votes from Republicans?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, he wouldn’t use reconciliation, right? Congress would use that process.  It's a --
 
Q    But (inaudible) going to need to be used?
 
MS. PSAKI:  It's a parliamentary procedure.  And just in a “bill becomes a law” moment here, if there was a bipar- -- an opportunity to move forward with a bipartisan package at any moment, that can happen.
 
But again, I believe it's 18 of 24 *[16 of 21] -- and I can double check this -- of bipar- -- of reconciliation bills in the past have been bipartisan.  And a bipartisan bill has 52 votes, 54 votes, 56 votes.
 
But his point -- and last point, and then we’ll go to your next question -- is we are not going to sit here and wait for an ongoing negotiation where, frankly, we haven't received an offer in return -- right? -- a response offer to what the President has proposed, because the American people need the relief now.
 
Q    Understood.  But it seems as though he has resigned himself to the fact that there will not be 60 votes in the Senate for whatever passes.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I think the President listens to the American people who are, frankly, not too worried about what parliamentary procedure gets them relief, gets shots in people's arms, and reopens schools.
 
And he is certainly hopeful that there is opportunity for this bill, whatever form it takes, to have bipartisan support.  And there's an opportunity to do that.  History shows that's precedent.
 
Q    And let me, if I could ask you, on foreign policy:  There’s going to be a principals meeting on Iran today.  President Biden, so far, has not accepted -- or has not moved forward with negotiations over a new Iran nuclear deal.  When is the timeframe for that to happen?  And does he think he'll be able to get Democrats on board with this, Jen?  They were quite critical in 2015.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, first -- and you asked this first -- this question first, and smartly.
 
So, on this meeting today -- and I know that the interagency process is a little foreign in this building and in the government because of the last four years.  So this is a principals committee meeting.  We're not going to confirm every one of these, but for the sake of educating everyone -- not in this room, but people who are watching -- it's -- the focus is broadly on the Middle East.  I'm sure Iran will be a part of the discussion, as that's an important issue, an important priority for the President and for many of our partners and allies around the world.
 
But this is not a decisional meeting, it's not a meeting where policy will be concluded, and it's not a meeting the President of the United States will be attending.  So this is a normal part of the interagency policy process, just as there are meetings about immigration, criminal justice, the economy every single day across government.
 
Q    And -- but on the topic of Iran -- understood -- given that you say Iran will be raised in this meeting, is there a timeline for when President Biden would like to try to come back to the table and get a deal on the Iran nuclear deal?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, that's really up to Iran.  If Iran comes back into full compliance with the obligations under the JCPOA, the Iran nuclear deal -- just for people who don't like acronyms; I personally hate them -- but the United States would do the same, and then use that as a platform to build a longer and stronger agreement that also addresses other areas of concern.  But that will be done in partnership with our P5+1 partners and also through consultation with Congress. 
 
And I know I keep saying this, but we are still only two and a half weeks into the administration, so this is part of how the interagency process should work, where senior members of the national security team are meeting and engaging about a range of issues in the Middle East.  And, you know, those -- but otherwise it's in Iran’s court to comply.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Thank you, Jen.  One more foreign policy question.  During President Biden's big foreign policy address yesterday, he didn't really mention Afghanistan.  Why not?  And where is he on the full withdrawal of U.S. troops from that country?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I appreciate your question because he -- it was not meant to be a comprehensive foreign policy speech, and he will have a lot more to say about foreign policy and his approach to national security in the weeks ahead.
 
But there were a lot of topics that weren't discussed because it wasn't designed to give the overarching Biden doctrine or give his comprehensive view on every issue globally, in part because there are interagency processes that will be ongoing.  Consultations with our partners and allies are a key part of our policy development, as is consultations with members of Congress.
 
So there's nothing I have in terms of an update as it relates to Afghanistan at this point in time, but he will have more to say on foreign policy in the weeks ahead.
 
Q    Okay.  What is being done about -- what is being done, what could be done to provide COVID testing to migrants at the border?  Because, right now, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection is saying that they're having to catch and release some migrants without giving them any kind of COVID test before they're entering the community.  So what is being done?  What could be done?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Are you suggesting they're letting people in across the border without testing them?  Or tell me a little bit more about what your question is.
 
Q    That they're being released -- they’re having to -- because of the executive order that the President signed earlier this week --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Which executive?  Which one?
 
Q    Rescinding President Trump's policy which stopped catch and release.  They're saying that they're having to provide -- they're having to release some migrants into the community before they know for sure that they do not have COVID, and they're worried that it could spread in the community.  Is there anything being done at the federal level to make sure that this is not contributing to the spread of coronavirus in this country?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, certainly the reason we’ve put in a number of protections, in terms of travel and otherwise, is to keep the American people safe.  But I haven't seen that report.  I can't validate the accuracy of it.  But I’d certainly point you to the Department of Homeland Security for more specifics about what's happening at the border.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Thank you.  You continue to say that you're hopeful that Republicans will still get on board, that you can achieve bipartisanship, but we haven't seen any movement on the Republican side.  The fundamental differences remain the same. What gives you hope and optimism that Republicans are suddenly going to come around here?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I think, one, the vast majority of the American people support this bipar- -- this package that would bring relief to American families, that would get shots in the arms of the American people, and would help reopen schools.  Those are not Democratic ideals, they're not Republican ideals, they are American ideals.  So, we still keep the door open to seek ideas -- ideas to make the package stronger from any Republican or other Democrats who want to bring them forward.
 
Q    And given the President's remarks earlier and his change of tone, it does seem that he is now okay if this does happen just with Democratic support, despite those hopes and despite his calls for unity.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, first of all, the President ran on the -- on unifying the country and putting forward ideas that would help address the crises we're facing.  He didn’t run on a promise to unite the Democratic and Republican Party into one party in Washington.
 
This package has the vast majority of support from the American public.  This is something that people want.  They want to see it passed.  They want these checks to get into communities.  They want this funding to go to schools.  They want more money for vaccine distribution.
 
He is certainly not -- I wouldn't draw that conclusion.  He is somebody who is keeping the door open.  He will remain engaged with Republicans in the days ahead.  As you know from covering the Hill, there's still several steps in the process here to move it forward.  We saw even some actions last night in "vote-a-rama," which is my favorite term of the week, where there was bipartisan support for ensuring the checks were targeted. 
 
There was bipartisan -- I know somebody asked a question about minimum wage earlier.  There actually was bipartisan support on that, including from Senator Bernie Sanders, for making sure that it wasn't implemented immediately. 
 
There is bipartisan support for helping small businesses. There's disagreements certainly on the size, but there is a shared view that the American people need relief.  And we are -- it is our responsibility to keep the door open to any good ideas that come forward.
 
Q    And on the minimum wage, do you feel that this
bill is your best shot at getting this through -- getting through a hike?  Does it become more difficult going forward if you can't get it done now?
 
MS. PSAKI:  You know, I don't want to get ahead of where we are in the process, but the President believes that increasing the minimum wage is something that would help American families, and it is essential to helping people who are struggling and something that workers certainly deserve.  We will leave it to the Democrats and Republicans in Congress to see if this is possible through the parliamentary process of reconciliation.
 
Go ahead, Karen.
 
Q    Jen, to follow up on that and the quote that Kristen read -- but I also want to come back to a vaccine question --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure.
 
Q    The President said, you know, it’s an "easy choice" between getting help to Americans who are hurting or getting “bogged down” in negotiations.  What's his definition of "bogged down"?  What's the timeline looking like?  For him, who’s been involved in negotiations for many years, what does "bogged down" mean?
 
MS. PSAKI:  It means "bogged down."  It means -- (laughs) --
 
Q    What would that be? 
 
MS. PSAKI:  I'm not going to set a timeline.  I understand the desire and interest in that, but "urgency" means he would like -- he is pleased to see that members of Congress, that Leader Schumer, and that Speaker Pelosi are moving this forward rapidly.  That there is fire under the bellies -- in the bellies of people in Congress to get this package through, move it through the process over the coming days and weeks. 
 
But that's up to them on the timeline.  He just is going to continue to argue for urgency because the American people, until they know when they're going to get checks, until they know when schools are going to get funding, it's hard for them to plan. 
 
We know that there are timelines that are coming up.  One, we're at the brink of -- of, you know, spending out the package from December.  Six hundred billion of that has already been spent out, and a lot of it is going to be spent out in the coming weeks.  There is going to be a need for additional relief in all of these categories. 
 
So, hence the urgency.  But I don't have a exact deadline or due date, other than let's keep moving.
 
Q    And I had a question on vaccines.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure.
 
Q    We're hearing so much in our reporting about frustration across the country -- the people who are trying to navigate the system.  They're signing up on multiple websites, through multiple means, to hope to win a lottery and get a vaccine appointment.  What is the federal government doing right now to address this challenge for so many Americans?  And why can’t there be a better system so it's easier to just sign up and wait for your turn?
 
MS. PSAKI:  We agree with you completely.  That is completely confusing -- has been -- around the country in states and localities.  The American people who are just trying to do their job, take care of their kids, homeschool -- balance everything everybody is balancing right now -- just want to be able to go on a website and sign up for their vaccine.
 
Now, one of the steps we've taken, we announced earlier this week, is, of course, working with pharmacies to distribute about a million doses in order for Americans to be able to do that in certain communities.  That’s -- obviously, that number is going to be increased over time.  That’s one way.  There are large vax plans through FEMA to set up large vaccination sites.  That is something that is starting to be underway this week.
 
But our focus is very much on increasing communication -- ensuring, exactly as you said, that the American people know how, when they can get their vaccine.  And we fully agree: There's been a lack of communication, confusion.  And we are trying to work out of that hole, but we're only two and a half weeks in here.  So we're just -- it's in process.
 
Q    Could there be a Healthcare.gov, but
for vaccines?  Jeffrey Zients obviously has a lot of experience with that.  Could you do a federalized system?
 
MS. PSAKI:  As does Andy Slavitt.  Some people back from -- back from the Healthcare.gov days.  Look, I think there are a range of options under consideration.  I have not heard them suggest that, but they are very open in discussing everyday ways to make this more accessible, clearer to the American people, and they just want to do it in a way that’s effective and efficient and reaches local communities where people are trying to get vaccinated.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Yeah, I know you just said that you’re going to refrain from giving a timeline on the COVID relief bill and its passage.  But outside, an hour ago, Speaker Pelosi said "absolutely" when asked if the COVID stimulus would pass by March 15th.  Is that -- do you also share that confidence that it would pass by mid-March when those unemployment benefits run up?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Never doubt Speaker Pelosi in anything she says.  That's kind of a lesson I've learned in Washington.  She is a power- -- a powerful and fierce force up there. 
 
You know, we're not going to set a timeline from here.  It is a bill that will be passed by Congress.  Of course, Speaker Pelosi is, you know, the Speaker of the House, so certainly I would -- we would defer to her.  And the President looks forward to signing the bill when it comes to his desk.
 
Q    Do you feel an urgency to get it passed by that date though?
 
MS. PSAKI:  We feel an urgency to move it forward as quickly as possible.  And I think what you're referring to is, kind of, the unemployment cliff that will hit in March.  But certainly we would like to see action as quickly as possible, as we've been saying.  But I'm not going to set a new deadline from here.  Obviously, we're working closely with Speaker Pelosi and Senator Schumer -- or Leader Schumer, sorry -- every day.
 
Go ahead in the way back.
 
Q    Thank you.  Thank you very much, Jen.  Happy Friday. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Happy Friday.
 
Q    Two Asia questions, if I may.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure.
 
Q    On engagement with China: Yesterday, President Biden say he will work with allies and partners.  However, also, yesterday, French President Macron said, quote, "A situation to join all together against China, this is a scenario of the highest possible conflictuality.  This one, for me, is counterproductive."  End quote.  So what exactly does President Biden expect from the U.S. allies?
 
     THE PRESIDENT:  From our U.S. allies?  Well, we're going to work in close consultation, of course, in partnership with our U.S. allies on a range of issues.  We talked about Iran a little bit earlier in the briefing.  Of course, strategic competition with China is part of that.  You know, but I can only really speak for what our policy is here, from the White House and the United States. 
 
This administration sees the United States as engaged in strategic competition with China, and technology is a central domain of that competition.  We should have no illusions about China's objectives, which are to undercut America's longstanding technological advantage and to displace America as the global leader in cutting-edge research and development and the technologies and industries of the future.  The national security and economic consequences of allowing that to happen are simply unacceptable. 
 
That's certainly what the President conveys in his conversations with our partners and allies.  But this is a major reason why the President is committed to making major investments in science and technology research and development, as well as supply chain security, and we will leverage the full breadth of authorities available to us to protect U.S. national and economic security interests. 
 
That's our position here, and obviously he will communicate that to allies and partners as he's having engagements with them.
 
Did you have a second question?
 
Q    Actually, Asian American women actually have the highest jobless rates over the past six months --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Mm-hmm.
 
Q    -- and reports indicate that's because of racism during the pandemic against them.  So, other than signing the memo, what President Biden can do to reduce the racism against Asian Americans and help them to actually find a job or to deal with their current situation?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, certainly one of the things that he can do is speak out against racism of any form, but also how it impacts a range of communities -- Asian Americans, of course; communities of color.  And one of the factors we've seen in data about COVID, of course, is that the pandemic has had an undue impact on many communities -- and commu- -- including, I'm sorry, many communities of color.  I don't have the exact data on Asian American communities, specifically, though I'm happy to check on that. 
 
But, you know, his focus is on getting the pandemic under control in order to help provide a bridge to economic relief and recovery, and that's one of the ways he can help address that.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Thank you, Jen.  I have two rather quick questions and then a little bit more meaty one, if that’s okay.
 
MS. PSAKI:  I like the setup, so I can know what to prepare for.  Go ahead.
 
Q    Okay.  So, the first quick one: I offer it as a “yes,” “no,” or “maybe,” perhaps.
 
MS. PSAKI:  I never like those questions, but go ahead.
 
Q    Will President Biden use the power of the bully pulpit to help cajole teachers who are unwilling to go back to schools -- to go back?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, one, I'm just going to reject the premise of the question.  I will say I have teachers in my family, as I'm sure many of you do.  They are the first people to tell you that being -- teaching in the classroom and being able to engage with kids in the classroom -- or middle-schoolers or high-schoolers in the classroom -- it makes their job more enjoyable, makes them more effective at what they do.
 
The President is absolutely committed to reopening schools.  He wants them not just to reopen, but to stay open, and he wants to do that in a safe way.  And we're going to rely on CDC guidance -- which, again, is not officially out yet -- to determine the best way to do it. 
 
But there are several mitigating factors that we've seen in data to date that will help make it safe.  Of course, vaccines are part of that, but so is masking, so is social distancing, so is ensuring that schools have the ventilation and the facilities that they need in order to do it safely.  That's our focus.
 
So the President's focus is on -- and that's one of the reasons why he's out advocating for the American Rescue Plan.  Part of that is funding so that schools can do exactly that.
 
Q    So it sounded like a “yes” with an asterisk (inaudible) safely.
 
MS. PSAKI:  I -- if you -- if you are the spokesperson for the White House, you could certainly say that, but you are not.  But you can ask me another question.
 
Q    My second quick question is: Last year, OMB and the Justice Department made it so that three cities -- New York, Seattle, and Portland -- could be disfavored for federal grants.  They were deemed, quote, “anarchist jurisdictions” for allegedly tolerating rise in crime.  There were violent protests.  Has the Biden White House decided to reverse those policies disfavoring grants to those three cities?
 
MS. PSAKI:  This is an OMB action from the Trump administration you're asking about?
 
Q    OMB and Justice Department.  Yes. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Okay.  We are a new administration.  We, of course, are reviewing a range of policies and charting our own path, but I don't think I'm going to have any comments on policies from a year ago from the prior administration.
 
Q    And the third -- the third more meaty question, if I could just follow up on a quote from the President in December.  He said, quote, “My son, my family will not be involved in any business, any enterprise that is in conflict with or appears to be in conflict, where there's appropriate distance from the presidency and government.” 
 
Just recently, there were reports that the President’s son still owns a 10 percent stake in the Chinese investment firm formed with state-owned entities.  Do you have an update on the divestment from that investment?
 
MS. PSAKI:  He has been working to unwind his investment, but I would certainly point you -- he's a private citizen.  I would point you to him or his lawyers on the outside on any update.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Thanks.  I have two questions.  Jared Bernstein was talking about the threshold of the stimulus checks and when they should phase out, and he said people who make over $300,000, or families, should not get those checks.  We've seen Susan Collins and some other Republicans talk about having the checks phase out at $50,000.  What is the White House's position today on when those checks should start to phase out and who should not be eligible for them?
 
MS. PSAKI:  There's an ongoing discussion about it, and it is an active discussion.  The decision has -- a final conclusion has not been made.  As Jared was saying, those conversations are happening with Democrats and Republicans. 
 
And as I said, kind of, the other day -- but it still is the status today -- the President is firm on the necessity that people receive, who are eligible, $1,400 checks.  He's not movable on that becoming smaller.
 
But there is a discussion, as Jared said, about the phase-out and what that looks like.  Now, that doesn't mean that somebody making -- that it's a dead cutoff; it means that it will be phased out to slightly less than that amount at whatever the cutoff is.  But those are ongoing discussions, and a final decision hasn't been made.
 
Q    Secondly, there has been a lot of discussion today.  You know, President Biden talked about the 2009 stimulus package and lessons that he and other people learned from it.  What are some other points of economic crisis that the Obama administration dealt with that President Biden has drawn lessons from?  Is it from the auto bailout?  You know, there was so much that people were dealing with at that time.  What other economic crises did he draw lessons from?  And what are those, and how is he applying those to the situation today?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I haven't had -- it's a very interesting question.  I have not had this in-depth discussion with him about the impacts of the Obama administration policies on his thinking. 
 
I can say, broadly speaking -- because there are people who -- of course, a number of us who had served in the prior administration -- of course, there are lessons about ensuring we act swiftly when the American people need relief; looking for bipartisan support, which is something certainly the former administration also did.  There's also lessons we've learned about how we sell the packages that we're putting out there to the public. 
 
And that's one of the reasons why we bring in some of our economic officials or policy experts, so that they can help lay out for all of you, and hopefully for the public, the thinking behind how packages are designed, and also that we need to continue to think about how we break down these packages for the public to ensure we're explaining why we're doing what we're doing. 
 
It's not just a $1.9 trillion package.  Right?  It is a package that has funding to reopen schools.  It has -- is a package that it has funding to help ensure cops and firefighters can stay in their jobs.  It's a package that will get vaccines in the arms of Americans.  And it will -- it's a package that will ensure that the one in seven Americans who don't have enough -- are concerned about putting food on the table are able to do that.
 
So those are some of the lessons, but, you know, I don't have anything more about his specific -- what he has specifically drawn from it.
 
Q    But it seems like part of that lesson is to not wait for Republicans forever.  It seems like you want to move quickly.
 
MS. PSAKI:  The President wants to move quickly, as he talked about back on the campaign trail too, because the American people need relief now.  And then we don't have the luxury of waiting months to deliver that relief to them.
 
So that is about reacting and being -- responding to the needs of the American public at this moment in time and the crises we're facing. 
 
Go ahead, Kristen.
 
Q    Jen, thanks.  I’d like to follow up on the issue of school reopenings.  Dr. Walensky had said at a previous briefing there is increasing data to suggest that schools can safely reopen and that they can safely reopen without teachers getting vaccinated.  You then said the official CDC guidance is not out yet.  But there is some urgency to this because schools are making their decisions right now about how and when to reopen.  So does the Biden administration have an assessment today about whether schools can reopen with or without teachers getting vaccinated?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, first, the guidance will come officially from the CDC, as Dr. Walensky, who leads the CDC, would certainly convey to you. 
 
And what we're all conveying, and what I just did a few minutes ago, is convey that there's a lot of data that shows that it is -- of course, we're looking at vaccines; that's an important part of keeping teachers and the American public safe.  But we also need to look at other mitigation steps, I should say -- including masking, social distancing, proper ventilation in schools. 
 
And the urgency should prompt Democrats and Republicans -- many Democrats are -- to come together to support the American Rescue Plan so we can get schools the funding they need.  Schools are planning, but many of them don't have the funding they need to take the steps necessary to reopen.
 
Q    Do you know when the CDC specifically is going to put out that guidance?
 
MS. PSAKI:  I would certainly point you to the CDC for more specifics on that.
 
Go ahead, Anita.
 
Q    Thank you.  Do you have a sense at this point of when the Cabinet nominations will go through?  Obviously, we're right up against the impeachment trial.  This is what you all didn't want to happen, which is this delay.  We don't know how long the trial will last.  I'm specifically curious about the Attorney General.  I know you're eager to get him in.  So any sense of that?  And I assume that the President has spoken to Senate leaders about that.  Can -- is there anything that can be done?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, we are certainly hopeful that there -- more of our Cabinet nominees can move forward.  We have seen a number of them move forward in the last couple of weeks, many with bipartisan support, with bipartisan votes. 
 
But you're right that getting the Attorney General through -- Merrick Garland -- is vital not only to the President, but should be vital to Democrats and Republicans in Congress in order to have a leader at the head of the department who can oversee an independent Justice Department and, you know, ongoing eff- -- and review any ongoing efforts or investigations that are happening there. 
 
This is an issue broadly -- the confirmations in general -- he has raised in the past with members of Congress, and certainly there's an understanding about the importance of having his people in place leading agencies.  But I don't have anything specific for you to update on the Attorney -- on the timeline of an Attorney General being confirmed.
 
Q    And is -- generally, there's sort of no specific timeline on when these might be done?  Just as soon as possible?  No timeline?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Certainly, Anita, as soon as possible.  You know, we are confident that the Senate can walk and chew gum at the same time.  As you well know, there was a delay in part because of the need to agree on a power-sharing agreement.  Obviously, we're past that.  And certainly, given many of the comments, including from many Senate Republicans, about the qualifications of our Attorney General -- the President's Attorney General nominee -- and the value that I think and hope we all share to have an independent Justice Department, we're certainly hopeful they can move forward as quickly as possible.
 
Q    And then, really quick housekeeping -- excuse me, sorry --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure, go ahead.
 
Q    -- about next week.
 
MS. PSAKI:  You mentioned a couple things that he's doing next week.  One, on the Pentagon visit, should we be expecting speeches like we saw yesterday at these?  I think Jake mentioned that he'll be doing a round of visits.  So should we be expecting a speech at that event next week?
 
MS. PSAKI:  That's a great question.  I don't think we're fully there -- fully cooked yet in the process.  Certainly, part of his effort is to thank civil servants and members of the military, of course, for their -- the work they do every day protecting the American people. 
 
But in terms of what format the event will take, we're not quite there yet in our planning process.
 
Q    And the other thing about next week: You mentioned a couple things, but you didn't mention meeting with members of Congress on the bill.  I assume some of those meetings are going to happen next week.  Can you tell us about any of those specific things?  Will they come over here, or --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, they will be -- many of them will be on recess, so -- but he will be engaged, of course -- continue to be engaged with members of Congress.  Often, those come together the day before, the night before, and we will of course keep you updated as those engagements happen -- or are planned for next week.
 
Go ahead.
 
Q    Yeah.  So we know the President is doing an interview before the Super Bowl on Sunday.  I mean, I'm guessing that's going to be an opportunity to reach a huge audience with your recovery. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Mm-hmm.
 
Q    But is that going to be what he's going to use it for?  And I guess also, I'd like to know how will the President be watching the game, and who he’ll be rooting for.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Who he'll be rooting for?  (Laughter.)  Oh, boy.  That’s my first way to get hate mail from one part of the country.  There's a division among our senior staff, I will admit, on this particular question, but I won't name names. 
 
You know, the President will be watching the game in Delaware with his family, of course -- his wife, Dr. Biden. 
 
In terms of the interview -- and as you know, CBS is hosting the Super Bowl this year, and there's a long tradition of networks doing an interview with the President, so that will certainly be part of what you will see on Sunday. 
 
He, of course, will -- the anchor who is doing the interview will ask whatever the anchor wants to ask.  That's how these things occur.  But his objective is certainly to convey to the American people that he knows this time is difficult; he knows it requires a great deal of sacrifice.  He's incredibly grateful to the healthcare workers, to the frontline workers, to people who are working every day to keep us safe. 
 
And, hopefully, he will have the opportunity to reiterate the measures that we can take: masking, social distancing, of course ensuring that people are getting the vaccine when they're eligible to get the vaccine, and update the public on his efforts to do exactly that. 
 
Q    If I might just ask a second one for a colleague who can't be here because of --
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure.
 
Q    -- COVID restrictions.  From Brian Karem of Playboy: I mean, we saw a break with Saudi policy yesterday in the Middle East.  So will the Biden administration openly condemn or implement sanctions against the Saudi government for the death of Washington Post writer Jamal Khashoggi?
 
MS. PSAKI:  So, first, let me say and reiterate: The murder of Jamal Khashoggi was a horrific crime.  We are prepared to release an unclassified report with full transparency for Congress.  This is the law, and we’ll follow the law.  Of course, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence would have further details, and I would refer you to them for additional specifics. 
 
We, of course, expect Saudi Arabia to improve its record on human rights -- that includes releasing political prisoners -- such as women's rights, advocates for Saudi jails.  We’re encouraged by the release yesterday of two dual national American-Saudi citizens.  We hope to see further progress over the next coming months.
 
And as noted in a couple of areas we've talked about, there's an ongoing review, of course, of our policies.  You saw the President make an announcement yesterday about our engagement in Yemen, which, of course, is directly connected. 
 
But again, there'll be ongoing discussions and reviews by our national security team.  I don’t have any posi- -- any policy decisions to read out for you or predict for you at this point in time. 
 
Go ahead in the back. 
 
Q    Thanks, Jen.  And I have two questions as well.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sure.
 
Q    In keeping with the economic theme of the day, my first question: Given the most recent job numbers and the continued unemployment and what you have to say today about particularly how minority communities have been affected, is this the right time to increase the number of refugees coming into the country and to also ease immigration and border restrictions?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, the President fundamentally believes that having a humane and moral immigration system in place strengthens our country, strengthens our economy.  And many, many business leaders across the country have said exactly the same thing.
 
The most powerful step that can be taken now is to pass the American Rescue Plan because that is a step that economists across the board have said would help expedite economic recovery, help expedite getting people back to work.  And without it, we will be years behind by -- according to a lot of economic data -- where we need to be.
 
Q    And then on the -- from the public health aspect of it, considering the coronavirus numbers are still where they are, the President has enacted more restrictions on travel restrictions, including South Africa.  How does that play into it with immigration and refugee policy? 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Sorry, I don’t -- I’m not sure I'm understanding your question.
 
Q    Well, I mean, considering the coronavirus numbers where they are and that we're doing more restrictions on travel, does that not also then affect refugee policy and immigration -- bringing more people into the country -- sort of, following up on Kristen’s question?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, the refugee policy is increasing the cap.  It doesn't change what our travel restrictions or our travel policies are.  And, of course, those are put in place to keep the American people safe, but those are not meant to do anything other than take necessary steps, at this moment in time, based on the advice of health and medical experts on where we need to restrict travel from. 
 
Obviously, when it's safe to undo those restrictions, our health and medical team will advise us on exactly that. 
 
Q    And then my second question -- this is going to the Pentagon.  This week, the Secretary of Defense announced a stand-down for the military to discuss extremism and extremist ideology.  Why would the military need to stand down from enemies foreign and abroad to have these discussions?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, my bet is that Secretary Austin and my friend John Kirby would disagree with your assessment there.  But the President has tasked an overview and a review of domestic violent extremism in the country.  That's coming directly from him, happening in the White House. 
 
I know that my friend John Kirby has a briefing later this afternoon, and I'd certainly encourage people to ask them more about those plans. 
 
Q    And then, just further on that: There was -- Jake Sullivan mentioned the focus on domestic terrorism yesterday, of this administration.  I think a lot of people want to know: How does this administration define the term “domestic terrorist”?
 
MS. PSAKI:  In what way?
 
Q    Well, does that include Antifa, specifically?  What -- how do you set those parameters for domestic terrorists, especially as we see, you know, a lot of focus on the January 6?  Maybe not as much focus on some of the extremism and violence in the North- -- the Northwest. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I've answered a version of this question a couple times before, but I know everybody is not in the briefing room every day. 
 
The reason we have the review -- which is not a political review, but is a review done by our national security team, something tasked -- again, to take a review of domestic violent extremism, it will cover incidents across the board.  When they have concluded that review, I'm sure they'll have more to say on it. 
 
Okay, go ahead, Trevor.  And I think I've been skipping you unintentionally.  I'm sorry.
 
Q    Just one quick foreign policy question.  You know, just talking about Iran and China, and the need to have allies that are willing to go into those kind of thorny issues with you, there's been some reporting that the EU Commissioner is going to have a phone call with President Biden and propose a six-month truce on trade tariffs.  And I'm just wondering if he's open to that and whether that would give you a united front going into some of these issues. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  I know there's a lot of interest in trade tariffs, and that's also under review now.  I don't have anything to preview for you.  I can follow up with our team on plans for a call with the EU Commissioner.  And if that's being planned, we will of course provide you with a readout. 
 
Go ahead. 
 
Q    Yeah, following up on the several questions about school reopenings, does the White House believe -- you know, schools are contemplating this right now: whether to go back and reopen their schools.  Does the White House believe that they should hold off on reopening until the CDC guidelines are out and until the American Rescue Plan is passed?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, I think some schools are looking for that guidance and also looking for funding.  Obviously, different jurisdictions make decisions, but we are hopeful that when the CDC guidelines are out, that will provide some advice, or from a medical -- more than that, specific guidance from our health and medical team -- the expertise of Dr. Walensky and her team -- on exactly what mitigation steps can and should be taken to reopen schools safely.
 
Q    But for schools in the moment right now, weighing whether they should reopen, you don't have a recommendation one way or the other?  Just to wait for the guidelines?  Or -- just trying to clarify that. 
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, we’ll have -- I'm not going to get ahead of what the guidelines are.  I think there are different jurisdictions that make different decisions.  A lot of school districts are certainly waiting for those guidelines but also waiting for additional funding so that they can reopen schools safely; make sure teachers are safe, students are safe, and families can feel confident in their kids being at school. 
 
Go ahead. 
 
Q    Thank you.  Following up on one of the questions from earlier, and then I have a foreign policy question too.  But is there any update on the state of a large-scale, public, sort of, PR media campaign supporting the vaccination effort?  Or is it difficult to do that without knowing whether or not the inventory is sufficient enough to actually tell people to go to CVS or Walgreens or wherever they may be supposed to go?
 
MS. PSAKI:  Well, certainly part of our commitment is to launch a massive public affairs campaign, which is something we've talked about a little bit in here.  It takes a little bit of time to get all your ducks in a row to get that going. 
 
But part of what we're also trying to do is utilize our experts to be out there publicly.  We do these briefings three times a week to, as Karen was asking about earlier, provide more accurate and clear information to governors so that they can also communicate with communities; empower local medical experts and doctors so that they can communicate more clearly with their communities, which are some of the most trusted sources.  We've had a lot of officials out on local television doing local television interviews. 
 
So even as we're preparing for more of a widespread -- or “broad-scale,” I should say -- public campaign, we've also had a number of members of our team doing everything we can to communicate effectively and efficiently on this particular issue.
 
Q    And the foreign policy question: Sometime overnight, during the “vote-a-rama” in the Senate, there was a --
 
MS. PSAKI:  You just wanted to use that word.  I know it.
 
Q    Of course, I did.  (Laughter.)  There was a -- but there was a 97-to-3 vote in favor of supporting the location of the U.S. Embassy in Jerusalem.  Is there a position, in terms of the Biden administration, as to whether or not the Trump administration's actually implementation of the Jerusalem Embassy Act should be maintained or whether it might move back to Tel Aviv?
 
MS. PSAKI:  It's a great question.  I have not talked to our national security team about it.  I will venture to do that and circle back with you directly. 
 
Q    Thank you, Jen.
 
MS. PSAKI:  Thank you, everyone.  Happy Friday. 
 
                             END                1:53 P.M. EST

Remarks by President Biden on the State of the Economy and the Need for the American Rescue Plan

 

The White House Logo
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
February 5, 2021
 
Remarks by President Biden on the State of the Economy and the Need for the American Rescue Plan
 
 
State Dining Room
 
12:22 P.M. EST
 
     THE PRESIDENT:  Thank you for your patience.  We had a very good but long meeting with the chairpersons of the House of Representatives in the Oval, and it went a little longer, but it went very well.  Thank you all for being here.
 
I'm accompanied by the Vice President and the Secretary of Treasury, Janet Yellen, and I want to talk today about our plan. 
 
And the January jobs numbers came out today.  And while we are grateful for everyone who found work and is earning a paycheck, it is very clear our economy is still in trouble.  We added just 6,000 private sector jobs in the country last month.  Overall, we added 49,000 jobs.  And this at a time when we have more than 10 million people out of work, 4 million people have been out of work for six months or longer, and 2.5 million women have been driven from the workforce.  Fifteen million Americans are behind in their rental payments.  Twenty-four million adults and twelve million children literally don’t have enough food to eat.
 
These aren’t Democrats or Republicans -- they’re Americans.  And they’re suffering.  And they're suffering not because of anything they did.  Through no fault of their own, they're suffering.  A once-in-a-century virus has decimated our economy, and it's still wreaking havoc on our economy today.  And so much of it is still about the virus.  We're still in the teeth of this pandemic.  In fact, January was the single deadliest month of the whole pandemic.  We lost nearly 100,000 lives.
 
I know some in Congress think we’ve already done enough to deal with the crisis in the country.  Others think that things are getting better and we can afford to sit back and either do a little or do nothing at all.  That’s not what I see.  I see enormous pain this country.  A lot of folks out of work.  A lot of folks going hungry, staring at the ceiling at night wondering, “What am I going to do tomorrow?”  A lot of folks trying to figure out how to keep their jobs and take care of their children.  A lot of folks reaching the breaking point. 
 
Suicides are up.  Mental health needs are increasing.  Violence against women and children is increasing.  A lot of folks are losing hope.  And I believe the American people are looking right now to their government for help, to do our job, to not to let them down.  So I’m going to act, and I’m going to act fast.
 
I’d like to be -- I'd like to be doing it with the support of Republicans.  I've met with Republicans.  There's some really fine people who want to get something done, but they're just not willing to go as far as I think we have to go. 
 
I've told both Republicans and Democrats that’s my preference: to work together.  But if I have to choose between getting help right now to Americans who are hurting so badly and getting bogged down in a lengthy negotiation or compromising on a bill that’s -- that’s up to the crisis, that’s an easy choice.  I’m going to help the American people who are hurting now. 
 
That’s why I’m so grateful to the House and Senate for moving so fast on the American Rescue Plan.  Here's what’s in that plan:
 
First, it puts $160 billion into our national COVID-19 strategy, which includes more money for manufacturing, distribution, and setting up of vaccination sites -- everything that’s needed to get vaccines into people’s arms.  There is simply nothing more important than us getting the resources we need to vaccinate the people in this country as soon, as quickly as possible.  So, job number one of the American Rescue Plan is vaccines.  Vaccines.
 
The second, the American Rescue Plan is going to keep the commitment of $2,000: $600 has already gone out; $1,400 checks to people who need it.  This is money directly in people’s pockets.  They need it.  We need to target that money.  So, folks making $300,000 don’t get any windfall.  But if you’re a two -- if you're a two -- if you're a family that's a two-wage earner, each of the parents -- one making 30 grand and one making 40 or 50 -- maybe that’s a little more than -- well, yeah, they need the money, and they're going to get it.
 
And here's what I won't do: I’m not cutting the size of the checks.  They’re going to be $1,400.  Period.  That’s what the American people were promised.
 
And very quickly, here’s the rest of my plan:
 
It has money for food and nutrition so that folks don’t go hungry.  I think our Republican friends are going to support that.  It extends unemployment insurance, which is going to run out on March 13th of this year, to the end of September of this year, because there is still going to be -- we're still going to have high unemployment. 
 
It helps small businesses, thousands of whom have had to go out of business. 
 
It has money to help folks pay their health insurance.
 
It has rental assistance to keep people in their homes, rather than being thrown out in the street.
 
It’s got money to help us open our schools safely.
 
It has money for childcare, for paid leave. 
 
It gets needed resources to state and local governments to prevent layoffs of essential personnel -- firefighters, nurses, folks that are schoolteachers, sanitation workers.
 
It raises the minimum wage. 
 
It’s big, and it’s bold.  And it’s a real answer to the crisis we’re in. 
 
And it’s one more thing.  And I want to say it very clearly on this -- be very clear on this point: It’s better economics. It not only addresses the immediate crisis we’re in, it’s better for the long-term economic health of our nation and our competitiveness. 
 
My plan creates more jobs, it creates more economic growth, and does more to make us competitive with the rest of the world than any other plan.  Don’t take my word for it.  Just look at what leading economists across the nation have said -- and the world, and across the ocean have said. 
 
Wall Street investment firm, Moody’s, says if we pass the American Rescue Plan, it will lead to 4 million more jobs than otherwise would be created.  The nonpartisan Brookings Institution has looked at the Rescue -- American Rescue Plan and said the GDP of -- will reach pre-pandemic projections by 2021, meaning we'll have recovered by the end of 2021.  And much sooner, by the way, than if we do nothing.
 
Look, just this week, the Congressional Budget Office projected that if we don’t take action, it would take until the year 2025 to return to full employment. 
 
There’s also a growing chorus of top economists -- right, center, and left -- that say we should be less focused on the deficit and more focused on the investments we make, and can make now, in jobs, keeping families out of poverty, and preventing long-term economic damage to our nation.
 
The simple truth is, if we make these investments now, with interest rates at historic lows, we'll generate more growth, higher incomes, a stronger economy, and our nation’s finances will be in a stronger position as well.  And the payoff won’t just be in jobs but in our global competitiveness as well -- because we’ll be regaining our economic strength faster.
 
So, the way I see it: The biggest risk is not going too big, if we go -- it's if we go too small.  We’ve been here before.  When this nation hit the Great Recession that Barack and I inherited in 2009, I was asked to lead the effort on the economic Recovery Act to get it passed.  It was a big recovery package, roughly $800 billion.  I did everything I could to get it passed, including getting three Republicans to change their votes and vote for it. 
 
But it wasn’t enough.  It wasn’t quite big enough.  It stemmed the crisis, but the recovery could have been faster and even bigger.  Today, we need an answer that meets the challenge of this crisis, not one that falls short.  And that’s the issue facing the country right now. 
 
What Republicans have proposed is either to do nothing or not enough.  All of a sudden, many of them have rediscovered fiscal restraint and the concern for the deficits.  But don’t kid yourself -- this approach will come with a cost: more pain for more people, for longer than it has to be.
 
Secretary Yellen talks about the scarring effect that comes with prolonged economic pain.  We see that scarring effect in economic data.  But more important, we can see it in the lives of people living with long-term unemployment, living in hunger, at wits’ end over how to keep their jobs and take care of their kids.
 
And then she talks about the need to alleviate long-term suffering in the economy.  We can do that.  We don’t have to wait until 2025 to get back to full employment, which will be the case if we don’t do this.
 
Again, independent analysis from places like
Moody’s, on Wall Street, the Brookings Institution -- the American Rescue Plan could achieve that by the beginning -- full employment by the beginning of next year.
 
So, to me, this is -- this is what this moment comes down to.  Are we going to pass a big enough package to vaccinate people, to get people back to work, to alleviate the suffering in this country this year?  That’s what I want to do.  Or are we going to say to millions of Americans who are out of work -- many of whom have been out of work for six months or longer, who have been scarred by this economic and public health crisis -- “Don’t worry, hang on.  Things are going to get better.  We’re going to go smaller, so it’s just going to take us a lot longer”?  Like, until 2025.  That’s the Republican answer right now.
 
I can’t in good conscience do that.  Too many people in the nation have already suffered for too long through this pandemic and economic crisis.  And telling them we don’t have the money to alleviate their suffering, to get to full employment sooner, to vaccinate America after $8 trillion in deficit spending over the past four years -- much of it having gone to the wealthiest people in the country -- is neither true nor necessary.
 
We do have the resources to get to full employment sooner.  We do have the tools to reduce a lot of suffering in this country.  We just have to choose to use them.
 
So it’s time to act.  We can reduce suffering in this country.  We can put people back to work.  We can control -- gain control of this virus.  That’s what the American Rescue Plan does.  And that’s what I’m determined to do, and that’s what I hope we’re going to be able to do in the near term.
 
So may God bless you all.  May God protect our troops.  And I truly believe real help is on the way.  Thank you all so very much.  Thank you.
 
                        END                12:34 P.M. EST

Press Briefing by White House COVID-19 Response Team and Public Health Officials

 

The White House Logo
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
February 5, 2021
 
Press Briefing by White House COVID-19 Response Team and Public Health Officials
Via Teleconference 
11:03 A.M. EST
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Hi, this is Andy Slavitt, the senior advisor at the White House for our COVID response.  Thank you all for joining us.
 
I hope these briefing are helpful in bringing straightforward information on our whole-of-government effort to combat COVID-19.  We will use them to highlight various efforts and leaders who are driving daily results on our national strategy to defeat COVID.
 
Let me tell you about the agenda today.  CDC Director Dr. Walensky will give a brief report on the state of the pandemic, and then Dr. Fauci will provide some important scientific updates.  Then I've invited Tim Manning, who coordinates our supply chain, to provide detail into questions many of you have had about how we are scaling production of vaccines and other things, including by using the Defense Production Act.
 
We're going to discuss three specific ways we're using the Defense Production Act.  First, to increase existing supply of vaccinations Americans need.  Second, to scale production of the tests that Americans need to get back their lives.  And third, to reduce our long-term dependence on foreign production of supplies that we need to protect our workforce and fight pandemics.
 
Before we get to that, I have an announcement or two to make at the top.
 
So, on Monday, you heard me announce that the Biden administration will scale production of at-home COVID tests from a company called Ellume.  At-home tests are one of the key steps to getting back to normal life.  We announced that by the end of the year, Ellume would be producing 8.5 million tests.
 
Today, you'll hear even more action on testing.  We will announce that six more companies will surge manufacturing of at-home test kits with the goal of, by summer, having millions of Americans being able to access at-home tests at a multiple of what we talked about on Monday.
 
It won't be easy, and it is not happening overnight.  But today's announcement represents another step in the long journey back to normal life.
 
In addition, I want to announce that the Secretary of Defense, Lloyd Austin, has approved FEMA’s request to augment and expedite vaccinations across the country.  He's ordered the first contingent of more than 1,000 active-duty military personnel to support state vaccination sites.  Part of this group will start to arrive in California within the next 10 days to begin operations there around February 15th, with additional vaccination missions soon to follow.
 
The military's critical role in supporting sites will help vaccinate thousands of people per day and ensure that every American who wants a vaccine will receive one.
 
I know DOD will be providing a briefing this afternoon with more details, but I want to make sure you are aware of this important development in our whole-of-government response.
 
With that, I will turn it over to Dr. Walensky.
 
DR. WALENSKY:  Thank you very much.  I'm glad to be back with you today.  Let's start with a snapshot of the pandemic.
 
The United States continues to see a decrease in COVID-19 cases since its peak on January 8th.  The number of new cases on February 3rd -- approximately 121,000 -- represents a 61 percent decrease since the peak on January 8th. 
 
Similarly, the number of new hospital admissions reported on February 2nd -- approximately 10,500 -- was down nearly 42 percent since the hospitalization peak of 18,000 reported on January 5th.
 
On Wednesday, I noted the peak -- the pace of deaths appears to be slowing and that we anticipated deaths would start to decrease in the coming weeks. 
 
Early data suggests now we're starting to see this decrease with a seven-day average number of deaths declining 6.7 percent to slightly more than 3,000 deaths per day from January 28th through February 3rd.
 
While we watch these data closely to see if these will be a confirmed trend, prior data do suggest that peaks in deaths usually trail the peaks in cases by somewhere between 9 and 20 days. 
 
However, we also may see variation in the daily numbers for different reasons, including reporting delays.  As such, we will know better if this trend becomes a stable downward slope over the next week.
 
While the data are moving in the right direction, context is important because cases, hospital admissions, and deaths all remain high and well above the levels that we saw in the summer and early fall.
 
In order to keep these trends moving in the right trajectory, we must continue to wear masks, continue to social distance, avoid travel and crowds, and get vaccinated when it is your turn. 
 
And I want to underscore the importance of mask wearing.  Today, CDC will be releasing two reports in the MMWR that describe the case -- the decline in COVID-19 hospitalization growth rates when statewide mask mandates are in place, as well as a study detailing facemask use among college students on college campuses with mask mandates.
 
Finally, I want to highlight another dimension of the COVID-19 pandemic on society, specifically the impact on mental health and substance abuse. 
 
Yesterday, CDC reported a study in the MMWR among U.S. adults and found that 28 percent reported symptoms of depression, 8 percent reported suicidal thoughts, and 18 percent reported they had started or increased substance use to cope with emotions during the pandemic.  The study also found that these outcomes were higher for some racial and ethnic groups, including Hispanic adults.
 
This study underscores the need to ensure that the response to the COVID-19 pandemic includes attention to behavioral health needs of communities, and it reminds us that the longstanding, systemic health and social inequities have put many racial and ethnic minority groups at increased risk for poor health outcomes, including COVID-19.  And it underscores the need for health equity to underpin everything we are doing in response to this pandemic. 
 
Thank you.  I'll now turn it over to Dr. Fauci.
 
Dr. Fauci.
 
DR. FAUCI:  Thank you very much, Dr. Walensky.  What I'd like to do in the next couple of minutes is just to bring you up to date on one of the issues that we discussed at our last briefing, and that is the progress along the way of the J&J, on the basis of the data from their ENSEMBLE trial in getting the information to the FDA, examining it in preparation for the possibility of an emergency use authorization. 
 
The data are now with the FDA.  They are examining it.  They have scheduled the advisory committee there, VRBPAC -- the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee -- which will meet in three weeks. 
 
So let me just very briefly review for you where we are and where we hope to go. 
 
As you know, the data on efficacy of this ENSEMBLE trial, which involve three countries -- the United States, Brazil, and the Republic of South Africa -- showed a overall efficacy of 66 percent.  But when you unpacked from the different countries, you had a 72 percent efficacy for mild to moderate disease in the USA. 
 
In the Republic of South Africa -- which, as you now, is of concern to us because of the mutant and the lineage that is now dominant in the Republic of South Africa, namely the B1351 -- in that, the protection against moderate disease was 57 percent. 
 
But the good news is that when you looked across all of the countries, the protection against truly severe disease was well over 80 percent; in fact, about 88.8 percent. 
 
Also of interest is that, in the South African study, as well as all of the others, there were essentially no hospitalizations or deaths.  So the sobering news is that we are dealing with variants -- antigenic variation -- which does have clinical consequences, as I mentioned on the last press briefing, of escape from some of the monoclonal antibody protection and a diminution in some of the protection that we have from the current vaccines.
 
But the somewhat encouraging news is the rather complete protection against very severe disease, including hospitalizations and deaths. 
 
Now, when you look at what's going on in our own country, clearly, as the days and the weeks go by, you see, as predicted, an increase in the prevalence of the UK variant -- the B117 in the United States -- which, as you well know, has been shown by the Brits to have an increase in efficiency of transmissibility, as well as a recent paper showing that there was some increase in pathogenesis leading to severe disease. 
 
So this is something that we will have to deal with because this is something that's expanding in its prevalence in the United States. 
 
The point that I want to make and end with is something that I said last time that I really think it's important for us here in the United States to realize: that the evolution of variants occurs only when you have a certain degree of replication of the virus in the community, and that means spread from person to person.  Viruses will not evolve and mutate if you do not give them an open playing field to replicate and replicate in, essentially, an unbridled fashion. 
 
For that reason, the message that we keep giving -- that Dr. Walensky and I and others on the team keep giving -- is that now is the time to do a couple of things.  One, double down on the adherence to the public health measures that we talk about all the time: the uniform masking that the President has spoken about; the physical distancing; the avoiding congregate settings, particularly indoors; and the washing of hands. 
 
At the same time, as another very important mechanism of dampening down the replication in a given community is that distribution efficiently and effectively of vaccines.  You'll be hearing about that in a moment. 
 
But the message that we have: When a vaccine becomes available to you, get vaccinated.  You will not only be protecting yourself, your family, but you will be making a major step in a positive way to protecting the community. 
 
I'll stop there, and back to you, Andy.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Thank you.  Tim?
 
MR. MANNING:  Thank you, Andy.  Thank you, Dr. Fauci and Dr. Walensky.
 
So, first, since I may not be as well-known as Drs. Fauci Walensky, please allow me to introduce myself.  My name is Tim Manning.  I'm the National Supply Chain Coordinator for the COVID Response.  I'm an emergency manager, having done disaster and emergency response for the past 25 years, and I've worked at the local and state level and served as a deputy administrator at FEMA for 8 years.  I’ve also been a firefighter and EMT, and I know firsthand the importance of having the equipment and supplies you need, when you need it, on the frontlines of a crisis. 
 
Right now, I work with teams across the government, from the Department of Defense to the Department of Health and Human Services, to ensure our country has the supplies we need not just now, but into the future. 
 
That's why, on day one, President Biden signed an executive order directing us to use all necessary powers, including the Defense Production Act, to get this pandemic under control.  In fact, the administration identified shortfalls in 12 critical categories of supplies. 
 
And today, I'm announcing three ways in which the administration is using the Defense Production Act authorities to fight this pandemic.  One has an immediate impact, one will be felt over the next few months, and one will help diminish our reliance on foreign manufacturing for PPE over the long term. 
 
Our first action gets Pfizer more equipment and supplies that are enabling them to ramp up production and deliver more vaccine faster. 
 
Our second action will deliver more than 60 million point- of-care tests or at-home tests by this summer.  And that's in addition to the news Andy announced on Monday about the Ellume test. 
 
Our third action will help Americans -- help America produce more surgical gloves that our frontline workers desperately need. 
 
So let me start with increasing vaccine production.  Since January 20th, we have increased the vaccine supply we are providing the states by over 20 percent.  Right now, one of the limiting, constraining -- one of the factors of constraining increased manufacturing of vaccines is limited equipment and ingredients.  That's why we're leveraging an important power of the Defense Production Act: the ability to ensure that supplies and material critical to our national defense are going to areas of greatest need.  This is called a “priority rating.”  If the federal government puts a priority rating on a contract, it means that company can -- say, a vaccine manufacturer -- gets first access to the product they need before anyone else. 
 
Today we're announcing we're expanding the priority ratings for Pfizer to include filling pumps and tangential flow filtration skid units, critical components Pfizer needs to manufacture the COVID vaccine.  It’s actions like these that will allow Pfizer to ramp up production and hit their targets of delivering hundreds of millions of doses over the coming months. 
 
We told you that when we heard of a bottleneck on needed equipment, supplies, or technology related to vaccine supply, that we would step in and help, and we are doing just that. 
 
Second, we're using the DPA to increase our supply of at-home COVID tests.  The country is well behind where we need to be in testing, particularly the rapid at-home tests that will allow us all to get back to normal activities, like work and school. 
 
Earlier this week, we announced investments to bring the first non-prescription at-home COVID test to Americans.  And I'm pleased today that -- to announce that over the coming weeks, the U.S. government has plans to invest in another six suppliers to rapidly surge domestic testing capability.  And thanks to this action, 61 million point-of-care or at-home tests will be available by the end of this summer. 
 
To do this, we’ll help industry partners construct new plants and build new production lines here in the United States, bringing critical capacity to the fight and reducing our vulnerabilities to disruptions in the supply chain. 
 
And third, we're very focused on procuring the personal protective equipment, or PPE, to keep America's frontline healthcare workers safe.  There's a grave need for masks, shields, and gloves, and we currently aren't producing these at the rate we need in order to keep up with demand.
 
We're already working to increase the availability of N95 masks to frontline workers, but another critical area of concern we hear over and over is surgical gloves.  Right now, we just don't have enough gloves.  We're nearly 100 percent reliant on overseas manufacturers to export to us our country's surgical gloves that protect healthcare workers.  And that's unacceptable, and we're using all of our authorities to fix it. 
 
Over the past two weeks, we’ve pushed forward an effort to expand domestic manufacturing of surgical gloves.  And I'm pleased to announce that we will build plants to make the raw materials -- the nitrile butyl rubber -- for surgical gloves here in the United States, and we'll help build factories to make those gloves right here in the U.S. as well.  And by the end of the year, we'll produce more than a billion nitrile gloves a month, right here in America.  We'll now make enough to satisfy half of all the U.S. healthcare community demands, right here on U.S. shores. 
 
These are just three examples of how we're using the DPA strategically and effectively in our national response.  And there's more to come.
 
I know there's a great deal of interest in exactly where and with whom we're contracting.  For reasons of procurement law, I'm not able to disclose the ongoing contract negotiations until they're finalized.  (Inaudible) contracts take four to five weeks to finalize, and we're about halfway through.  So over the next few weeks, I expect we'll have more announcements about the ways we're using the DPA and other tools to combat the virus.
 
Now I want to end by encouraging Congress to act, because some of our additional plans to use DPA -- including adding more domestic genomic sequencing, allowing us to track variants and see new ones, or ramp up molecular tests -- require funding.  Congress could help this effort greatly by passing the American Rescue Plan.
 
And with that, I'll turn it back over to Andy.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Thank you, Tim.  So why don't we go to some questions.
 
MODERATOR:  All right, thank you, everybody.  First, we're going to go with Peter Sullivan at The Hill.
 
Q    Hey, thanks.  I wanted to ask on rapid testing.  I hear the announcements you're making.  Some people have pointed to the FDA as, sort of, a bottleneck on the rapid testing and say, you know, they're not authorizing; they're too --they’re  maybe taking too conservative a view of accuracy comparing it to PCR and not, kind of, authorizing simple rapid tests that can be, you know, millions per day -- maybe even more plentiful than what you're talking about. 
 
So, I wonder -- I mean, is there any consideration of either creating a new approval pathway at the FDA or taking more steps to kind of authorize more -- even more plentiful rapid tests?
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yeah, thank you, Peter. Look, we understand that everybody who has something submitted to the FDA wants their product approved.  And, you know, I would only observe, having been around the FDA for quite some time, that when they go fast, people criticize them; when they go slow, people criticize them.  And I think we should be delighted with the announcement today, which, I think, is a counterfactual to the question. 
 
Having 60 million more at-home tests available over the course of the summer is exactly what the country needs.  I think it will change things pretty significantly.  So I'm very excited about this announcement, and I think many Americans, hopefully, will be as well.
 
MODERATOR:  Great.  Next, we'll go to Michael Wilner at McClatchy.
 
Q    Thanks for doing this.  Two questions from me.  First, the Pentagon just announced it approved 1,110 active-duty service members to support five FEMA vaccination centers.  Can you tell us where those vaccine centers will be?
 
And secondly, the National Strategy says that the administration plans to accelerate the pace of vaccinations by encouraging states to move through priority groups more quickly.  So what does "more quickly" mean?  Can you be specific what your guidance has been to states thus far?  And if you're leaving it to states to manage, what about your guidance is different from the prior administration, which also endorsed the ACIP guidelines?
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yep.  Thanks for the question, Michael.  I believe the Department of Defense is going to hold a briefing this afternoon to answer questions specifically about their announcement.  All I can tell you is that it is -- it's such a critical part of our all-of-government response and the teamwork that I've observed since I've been here.
 
You know, I think with regard to increasing the pace of vaccinations and moving through priority groups, let me just first start by saying, all of us, and starting from the President, recognize that Americans are eager to get vaccinated and that we should have -- we want to get that done as hastily, and as safely, and as equitably as possible.  I would love to tell you that we are sitting on stockpiles of vaccines that we found when we came here, but unfortunately that's not the case.
 
What we've done is we have been distributing vaccines as quickly as possible, and we've increased, now two periods in a row, the amount of vaccines that states are getting.  I can assure you we are in constant conversation about an end-to-end last-mile approach to getting vaccines in people's arms, and that that is, I think, taking -- improving the states’ ability to get those vaccines in arms more quickly. 
 
As one data point, as I pointed out earlier in the week, when we got here on January 20th, about 46 percent of this -- of the supply delivered to states had been administered, and that number is now over 60 percent.  I'm not going to speak to the administration before ours; we weren't here.  I mean, we're looking forward.  We see lots of improvement opportunities.  I think we've taken some, and we're going to work with states to find additional ones.
 
Next question.
 
MODERATOR:  Great, thanks.  Next, we will go to Sara Murray at CNN.
 
Q    Hi, thank you, guys, for doing this.  I appreciate it.  My first question is for Dr. Walensky.  I just wanted to follow up on some of her comments about teachers.  We're wondering why it would be safe for teachers to return to the classroom if they have not been vaccinated, and whether that is considered the CDC's official guidance, at this point, that teachers can go back into the classroom even if they have not been vaccinated.
 
And secondly, I'm just wondering what steps the administration is considering to try to ramp up production of the J&J vaccine, assuming it does get an EUA, since our understanding is the supply will be relatively limited in the beginning.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Dr. Walensky?
 
DR. WALENSKY:  Sure.  I'm happy to answer that.  I want to just emphasize that our goal is to get children back to school.  School should be the last places closed and the first places open.  Our goal is to make sure, in getting children back to school, that we do so both with the safety of the children and the safety of the teachers as utmost and critical in making sure that that happens. 
 
Among the things that we need to do to make sure that schools are safe is to make sure that the community spread of this disease is down, and that means it’s all of our responsibility to work to get our children back to school safely and our teachers back to school safely.
 
We are actively working on the guidance -- the official guidance -- which will be released in the week ahead.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  With regard to your second question on Johnson & Johnson, you're correct that, as is the case with other vaccines, we have not found that the level of manufacturing allows us to have as much vaccine as we think we need coming out of the gate.  And without giving you a direct answer to your question, for reasons that I hope are obvious, every option is on the table to figure out how to accelerate manufacturing in the event that the FDA does approve the Johnson & Johnson vaccine.
 
Next question.
 
MODERATOR:  Next, we'll go to Chris Megerian at Los Angeles Times.
 
Q    Hello.  I wanted to see if this is the first official use of the Defense Production Act to speed the production of the vaccines and wanted to see if this use of the DPA is going to increase the pace of vaccine production ahead of what was previously announced or just ensure that production meets the targets that were previously announced.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Tim, do you want to take the first?  And you're welcome to take the second or I can take the second, if you’d like.
 
MR. MANNING:  Sure.  Thanks, Andy.  This amounts to the first sequence of actions in the Defense Production Act that we've taken under the Biden administration over the last couple of weeks.  There have been DPA ratings -- I think people probably familiar with the -- in the last days of the Trump administration, there was -- had some limited use of the Defense Production Act on the Pfizer vaccine, but there have been DPA ratings placed previously over the course of the last year in the manufacturing of the vaccines by the previous team as well.
 
And as far as second question, I'll defer back over to Andy.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yep.  So I think that the use of the Defense Production Act that Tim outlined is what is allowing -- “one of the things,” I should say -- that's allowing Pfizer to meet the targets.  And I think you may be aware that, last week, they announced an acceleration of their targets of when they'll be able to deliver vaccines.  And I think our partnership with them is one of those reasons.  I'm not going to say it's the entire reason, but it's certainly a critical factor.
 
Next question.
 
MODERATOR:  All right.  And last question, we'll go to Tommy Christopher at Mediaite.
 
Q    Hi, can you hear me?
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yes.
 
Q    All right, thank you.  My question is for Dr. Fauci principally, but really for any of you.  The first -- I had two questions.  My first was: Can you tell me how frequently you on the team are in contact with President Biden and Vice President Harris?  And how responsive do you think they've been to your policy recommendations?
 
And my second question was: Are you looking for or have you seen any evidence of the impact of President Biden's mask orders?
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  So, Dr. Fauci, this -- I would never dream of taking a question that was intended for you.
 
DR. FAUCI:  (Laughs.)  Thank you, Andy.  Yes, the interaction with the President is frequent.  I mean, we've only been at this now, you know, for just a couple of weeks, and I've already had two -- I think three interactions with the President in a direct briefing situation, either virtually or twice at the White House -- once in the State Dining Room and once in the Oval Office just last week.
 
So he is very, very much involved, literally on a daily basis, obviously, because you have Jeff Zients briefing him continually.  But personally, as a member of the team, together with Dr. Walensky and others on the team, we have seen him at least once a week and maybe a little bit more.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yep.  And I think that's -- that was this week, I think you're referring to as well, not last week.
 
DR. FAUCI:  Right.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  It’s still Friday, believe it or not.  (Laughter.)
 
And, on that note, I think -- was there another -- I'm sorry -- was there another part to your question that we didn't answer?
 
Q    Yes, I was asking -- can you hear me still?
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Yes.
 
Q    All right, sorry.  Yeah, I was asking if you are looking for and/or have you seen any evidence of the effects of President Biden's mask orders.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  So, I’m going to ask Rochelle if you -- Dr. Walensky -- if you've seen any data that's emerged on increases in mask use recently.
 
DR. WALENSKY:  Thank you for that question.  I think it's probably too early to reflect on what is happening with the mask order now because it'll be -- you know, we have a lot of things that have happened, sort of, at the same time. 
 
First, it is the case that cases are coming down, and I do think the mask order is helping protect people and having those cases coming down.  But all of -- what is also happening is that, you know, we are coming off of the case bump from the holidays, and so a lot of things are happening at once. 
 
We are going to be watching the mask data very carefully. As I mentioned earlier, the MMWR that will be coming out today did demonstrate, in 10 states, that when mask orders were in place that, after three weeks, hospital growth rates went down.
 
So I think it's probably still a bit too early to tell, but I'm encouraged with a decrease in case rates right now.
 
ACTING ADMINISTRATOR SLAVITT:  Thank you, Dr. Walensky.  Okay, well, thank you all for attending this briefing and our other briefings this week.  We think it was a productive week here.  The team is working incredibly hard, and we are very cognizant of the fact that the public is eager to get their vaccinations and eager to move beyond this pandemic.  And I want to thank everybody on the government side and in the private sector who has been demonstrating all the teamwork we need to get this done and move past it.
 
So, thank you, and we'll talk to you again next week.
 
                             END                11:32 A.M. EST